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Institute of electrical and electronics engineers IGBT Highly efficient and reliable inverter concept HF
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Nowadays, its digital implementation can be easily done by using microcontrollers supporting the dedicated module for the PWM signal generation.Ī 15. 7.34B, it is sampled twice at both the positive and negative peaks of the triangular carrier wave. 7.34A, the sinusoidal reference is sampled once at the peak of the triangular carrier wave, whereas in the asymmetrical sampling of Fig. In the regular-sampled PWM, there are two types of sampling, symmetric and asymmetric. 7.34, the so-called regular-sampled PWM is used in which the sinusoidal reference is held at a constant sampled value for the carrier interval, and the sampled value is compared with the carrier wave to determine the switching instants. In contrast, its software-based implementation using a digital technique or microprocessor is not easy because this requires solving the transcendental equation, which defines points of intersection used to determine the switching instants. The phase voltages have harmonic components identical to those of the line-to-line voltages, but their magnitudes are different. In this case, unlike that of the pole voltage, the largest harmonic component becomes the order of 2 m f ± 1. 7.33 depicts the harmonic spectrum for the line-to-line voltage in the case of m f = 21 and MI=0.8. In that case, the harmonic of order 2 m f ± 1 becomes the largest component for the range of MI<0.9, while m f ± 2 around MI=1. Furthermore, among these values, only the odd values can eliminate the even harmonics for the symmetry of three-phase PWM patterns. For this reason, the value of m f is usually selected as multiples of three. Hence, if we select the value of m f as multiples of three, then the total harmonics will be reduced in the line-to-line voltage due to the elimination of the harmonics at multiples of three. As mentioned earlier, this is because the harmonics at multiples of three included in the pole voltages will have no phase difference with each other. Since the line-to-line voltage is the difference between the two pole voltages, they do not have any harmonic at multiples of three, which exist in the pole voltages. Next we will examine the harmonic components for the line-to-line and phase voltages. On the other hand, different pole voltage reference can be used according to the PWM techniques. Typical SPWM technique uses a phase voltage reference as the pole voltage reference. Thus the voltage reference that is compared with the triangular carrier wave is considered as the pole voltage reference. Difference Between Pole Voltage and Phase Voltage ReferencesĪn inverter output determined by comparing a voltage reference with the triangular carrier wave is the pole voltage. Typical SPWM technique uses the sinusoidal modulating waveform. On the other hand, different forms of modulating wave can be used according to the PWM technique. The triangular waveform is the most commonly used carrier in the PWM technique for modulating AC voltage. The carrier wave usually has a much higher frequency than the modulating wave. In addition, a wave which is modulated with the modulating wave is referred to as carrier wave or carrier.
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In the carrier-based PWM techniques, the desired voltage reference waveform is referred to as modulating wave.